The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) measures the strength and duration of El Niño and La Niña phenomena in the Pacific Ocean. It is calculated based on sea surface temperature anomalies in the Pacific and is widely used to predict global climate changes and their potential impacts.
An ONI reading above +0.5 sustained over a period indicates the presence of El Niño, which can significantly influence global climate and weather patterns. Conversely, an ONI reading below -0.5 for an extended period signals the occurrence of La Niña.
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